M2 · Health Complexity
M2
Slide 4
CONTENT
Spectrum of Physical Health Problems
The range of physical conditions is broad and often overlapping.
2.MALNUTRITION AND IMMUNE DYSFUNCTION
3.DENTAL HEALTH
4.FOOT AND SKIN CONDITIONS
5.CHRONIC NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
6.CANCER RISK AND DELAYED DETECTION
1. Injuries and Untreated Trauma
Living without stable housing increases exposure to:

Falls and fractures

Assault-related injuries

Burns

Frostbite

Chronic musculoskeletal pain

Minor injuries frequently go untreated, leading to chronic complications. Pain becomes normalised and underreported.
Mobility limitations, including physical disabilities from previous injuries, further restrict access to services.
Complexity, not isolation. These six clusters rarely appear alone. A patient with foot ulceration almost always has unmanaged diabetes; chronic respiratory disease nearly always co-occurs with smoking-related cardiovascular risk. The clinical unit is not the disease — it is the person with structural exposure.
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